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Handbook wildlife traffic
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  • Handbook
    • 1 Introduction
      • The Problem
      • COST 341
      • The Handbook
      • Roads, railways and waterways
      • Measures described in the handbook
      • New and existing network
      • The European approach
    • 2 Users’ Guide
    • 3 Effects of Infrastructure on Nature
      • 3.1 Defining habitat fragmentation
      • 3.2 Ecological effects of transport infrastructure
      • 3.3 Primary ecological effects
      • 3.4 Secondary ecological effects
      • 3.5 Landscape ecology perspectives
    • 4 Developing Integrated Solutions
      • 4.1 Countering the threat of habitat fragmentation
      • 4.2 The importance of early consideration of habitat fragmentation
      • 4.3 Integrated solutions
    • 5 Planning Tools
      • 5.1 Planning to avoid and reduce fragmentation
      • 5.2 At the strategic planning phase (SEA)
      • 5.3 At the project planning phase (EIA)
      • 5.4 Fragmentation impact assessment of the new infrastructure and EIA
      • 5.5 Existing structures
      • 5.6 Upgrading roads and railways
      • 5.7 Costs and benefits
      • 5.8 Recommendations
    • 6 Integration of Infrastructure into Landscape
      • 6.1 Introduction
      • 6.2 Alignment
      • 6.3 Earthworks: cuttings and embankments
      • 6.4 Design solutions
      • 6.5 Conclusions
    • 7 Fauna Passages and other solutions
      • 7.1 General approach
      • 7.2 Reducing the barrier effect: overpasses
      • 7.3 Reducing the barrier effect: underpasses
      • 7.4 Avoiding and reducing animal mortality
      • 7.5 Reducing the barrier effect and mortality: other measures
    • 8 Ecological Compensation
      • 8.1 The concept of ecological compensation
      • 8.2 Legal obligations
      • 8.3 Achieving ecological compensation in infrastructure projects
      • 8.4 Mitigation banking
    • 9 Monitoring and Evaluation
      • 9.1 General principles of monitoring
      • 9.2 Designing a monitoring programme
      • 9.3 Quality control during the construction phase
      • 9.4 Methods for monitoring fauna casualties and the use of fauna passages
    • 10 Maintenance
      • 10.1 Introduction
      • 10.2 Developing an adaptive ecological asset maintenance plan
      • 10.3. Maintenance requirements for ecological asset and wildlife management
      • 10.4 Maintenance tasks sheets
    • Annexes
      • Annex 1. Glossary
      • Annex 2 Abbreviations
      • Annex 3. Cost 341 participants
      • Annex 4: Related websites
      • Annex 5: Handbooks and guidelines
    • The complete handbook
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Home

  • About IENE
  • Contact
  • Transport Ecology Guidelines Portal
  • Partners
  • Handbook

Wildlife & Traffic

  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Users’ Guide
  • 3 Effects of Infrastructure on Nature
  • 4 Developing Integrated Solutions
  • 5 Planning Tools
  • 6 Integration of Infrastructure into Landscape
  • 7 Fauna Passages and other solutions
  • 8 Ecological Compensation
  • 9 Monitoring and Evaluation
  • 10 Maintenance
  • Annexes
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